What is an eSIM and How Does It Work?

An eSIM (embedded SIM) is a programmable chip embedded directly into your smartphone, tablet, smartwatch, or even laptop. It performs the same functions as a traditional SIM card: it stores your subscriber profile and allows your device to connect to a mobile network. But unlike a physical SIM card, an eSIM is rewritable and remotely activated.

This means you don’t need to go to a mobile store or wait for a SIM card to arrive by mail. Instead, you can scan a QR code, download a mobile profile, and activate your service instantly—no hardware required.

In simple terms, eSIM makes switching mobile carriers and plans as easy as downloading an app.

The process behind eSIM technology might sound complex, but it’s designed to make your life easier. Here’s a step-by-step look at how it works:

1. Activation: When you purchase an eSIM plan from a provider, you receive an activation code, usually in the form of a QR code or via a digital link.

2. Remote Profile Download: You scan the code with your device, which then securely downloads the SIM profile from the carrier’s server. This includes your mobile number, network access settings, and data plan.

3. Instant Network Connection: Once the profile is downloaded and activated, your device automatically connects to the carrier’s mobile network.

4. Seamless Switching: You can store multiple profiles and switch between them without physically changing anything. Perfect for switching between home and travel data plans.

Behind the scenes, eSIMs use GSMA-compliant protocols to ensure secure communication and interoperability with carriers around the world.

While they serve the same function, eSIMs and physical SIMs differ significantly in how they operate and what they offer users. Here’s a closer comparison:

The advantages of eSIM technology are especially attractive for frequent travelers, remote workers, and modern smartphone users. Here are the most compelling benefits:

• Ultimate Convenience: Set up a mobile plan in minutes from anywhere—no more store visits or waiting for shipping.

• Support for Multiple Plans: Easily store and switch between multiple eSIM profiles, whether for travel, work, or personal use.

• Travel Flexibility: Avoid expensive roaming fees by purchasing a local or global eSIM plan before or during your trip.

• Space Saving: With no need for a physical SIM tray, manufacturers can design sleeker and more durable devices.

• Remote Provisioning: Perfect for IoT, smartwatches, or remote teams, since plans can be added without a physical presence.

• Better Security: Harder to steal or tamper with than physical SIM cards.

For digital nomads and international travelers, the eSIM is not just convenient—it’s essential.

Support for eSIM technology is rapidly growing. Most flagship smartphones and wearable devices released in recent years now include an embedded SIM chip.

Here are some popular eSIM-compatible devices as of 2025:

Apple Devices

• iPhone XS, XR, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 series

• iPhone SE (2nd generation and newer)

• iPad Pro, iPad Air (3rd gen and newer), iPad Mini (5th gen+)

• Apple Watch Series 3 (Cellular) and newer

Samsung Devices

• Galaxy S20, S21, S22, S23, S24 series

• Galaxy Note 20, Galaxy Z Fold and Z Flip models

• Galaxy Watch 4 and newer

Google Devices

• Pixel 3 and later (except Pixel 3a in some regions)

Other Brands

• Huawei P40, Mate 40 Pro (limited regions)

• Motorola Razr (2019+)

• Microsoft Surface Duo 2

• Lenovo ThinkPad X1 Nano (with 5G)

Tip: You can usually check for eSIM support in your device settings under “Mobile Network” or “Cellular Plans.”

Setting up an eSIM is fast and easy, even for non-tech users. Here’s a general process to activate your eSIM:

For iPhone:

1. Go to Settings > Cellular > Add Cellular Plan

2. Use your camera to scan the QR code or input the activation code manually

3. Follow the prompts to complete activation

4. Choose your preferred line for calls, messages, and data

For Android (Samsung, Google Pixel, etc.):

1. Go to Settings > Network & Internet > Mobile Network > Add carrier

2. Scan the QR code or download using an activation link

3. Confirm and assign your plan

Most providers also offer dedicated apps that guide you through the eSIM installation with step-by-step instructions.

Security is a top priority when it comes to mobile technology, and eSIMs are considered more secure than physical SIM cards. Here’s why:

• No Physical Theft: eSIMs can’t be removed or swapped without your consent.

• Encrypted Provisioning: The profile download is encrypted and verified by the carrier.

• Remote Management: You can lock, erase, or reset an eSIM remotely if your device is lost or stolen.

• Tamper-Proof: The embedded chip is soldered into the device, making it tamper-resistant.

eSIMs also comply with GSMA’s Remote SIM Provisioning (RSP) standards, ensuring global compatibility and consistent security.